Kaolin
Kaolin or china clay is almost white in color. It is distinguished from other industrial clays based on its fine particle size and pure color. Its dispersibility in water makes it an ideal pigment. The main component of kaolin is the mineral kaolinite, a hydrous aluminum silicate formed by the decomposition of minerals such as feldspar.
Types of kaolin
Kaolin mines
Feldspar
Feldspar is a type of crystalline mineral that consists of aluminum, sodium, potassium, and calcium silicates and is found in igneous rocks. Feldspars are one of the most important igneous rock minerals. Feldspars are divided into three groups: calcic, potassic and sedic.
Types of feldspar
Feldspar mines
Ball clay
Ball clay is a type of kaolinite sedimentary clay that usually consists of 80-20% kaolinite, 25-10% mica, and 6-65% quartz. Native strata in the same mines have mixed compositions, including some major minerals, accessory minerals, and carbonaceous minerals such as lignite.
Ball clay mines
Illite Bentonite
This mineral does not contain aluminum and magnesium has completely replaced aluminum in octahedral sheets. Therefore, this mineral is also called magnesium silicate clay. Its general formula is Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 and its structure is similar to mica. Khordad 13, 2018 AP
Types of bentonite illite
Bentonite illite mines
Bentonite
Bentonite is a brand name for a range of natural clays with high water absorption capacity. This mineral is mainly composed of montmorillonite, a clay mineral containing a phyllosilicate called smectite.
Bentonite mines